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Thermochemical pretreatment of meat and bone meal and its effect on methane production

Guangxue WU , Zhenhu HU , Mark G. HEALY , Xinmin ZHAN ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 300-306 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0031-6

摘要： Since the solubilization of meat and bone meal (MBM) is a prerequisite in many MBM disposal approaches, enhancement of the solubilization by means of thermochemical pretreatment was investigated in this study at two temperatures (55°C and 131°C) and six sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20g/L). The MBM volatile solid (VS) reduction ratio was up to 66% and 70% at 55°C and 131°C, respectively. At the same temperature, the VS reduction ratio increased with the increase in the dosage of NaOH. The study on the methane (CH) production potential of pretreated MBM shows that the addition of NaOH at 55°C did not cause the inhibition of the succeeding CH production process. However, CH production was inhibited by the addition of NaOH at 131°C. The CH production potential was in the range of 389 to 503mL CH/g VS MBM and 464 to 555mL CH/g VS MBM at 55°C and 131°C, respectively.

关键词： thermochemical pretreatment     meat and bone meal     solid reduction     solid solubilization     methane production potential    

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Preparation of ceria-zirconia solid solution with enhanced oxygen storage capacity and redox performance

Lijing MENG, Licheng LIU, Xuehong ZI, Hongxing DAI, Hong HE, Zhen ZHAO, Xinping WANG,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第2期   页码 164-171 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0019-2

摘要： A new method called ultrasonic-assisted membrane reaction (UAMR) was reported for the fabrication of ceria-zirconia solid solution. A series of ceria-zirconia solid solutions with different Ce/Zr molar ratios were prepared by the UAMR method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N adsorption, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H-TPR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The UAMR method proved to be superior, especially when the Ce/Zr molar ratio was lower than 1, in fabricating ceria-zirconia solid solutions with large BET surface area, high oxygen storage capacity (OSC), and low reduction temperature.

关键词： membrane reaction     ceria-zirconia     Ce/Zr molar ratio     solid solution     hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR)    

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Precise regulation of acid pretreatment for red mud SCR catalyst: Targeting on optimizing the acidity and reducibility

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1447-x

摘要：

• The optimum SCR activity was realized by tuning the acid pretreatment.

关键词： Air pollution control     Nitrogen oxides     Selective catalytic reduction     Red mud     Solid waste utilization    

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Topology optimization of transient problem with maximum dynamic response constraint using SOAR scheme

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第16卷 第3期   页码 593-606 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0636-4

摘要： This paper proposes a novel method for the continuum topology optimization of transient vibration problem with maximum dynamic response constraint. An aggregated index in the form of an integral function is presented to cope with the maximum response constraint in the time domain. The density filter solid isotropic material with penalization method combined with threshold projection is developed. The sensitivities of the proposed index with respect to design variables are conducted. To reduce computational cost, the second-order Arnoldi reduction (SOAR) scheme is employed in transient analysis. Influences of aggregate parameter, duration of loading period, interval time, and number of basis vectors in the SOAR scheme on the final designs are discussed through typical examples while unambiguous configuration can be achieved. Through comparison with the corresponding static response from the final designs, the optimized results clearly demonstrate that the transient effects cannot be ignored in structural topology optimization.

关键词： topology optimization     solid isotropic material with penalization     transient response     aggregation function     second-order Arnoldi reduction    

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Plasma spray coating on interconnector toward promoted solid oxide fuel cells and solid oxide electrolysis

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0901-9

摘要： Interconnector is a critical component to construct solid oxide cells (SOCs) stack. Oxidation of metallic interconnectors and Cr poisoning caused by oxidation are important factors that lead to long-term performance degradation of SOCs. Coating on the interconnector surface is an important approach to inhibit the oxidation and Cr migration of the interconnector. Herein, (La0.75Sr0.25)0.95MnO3–δ (LSM) and Mn1.5Co1.5O4 (MCO) are used to fabricate the coatings of interconnector. Two advanced thermal spray technology, atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) and low-pressure plasma spray (LPPS), are adopted for the coating preparation. The electrochemical performance, rising and cooling cycle stability, and Cr diffusion inhibition performance of the coatings are tested and evaluated. The result indicates that MCO can generate more uniform and denser coatings than LSM. In addition, MCO coatings prepared by LPPS shows the best electrochemical performance, rising and cooling cycle stability, and Cr diffusion inhibition. The initial area specific resistance (ASR) is 0.0027 Ω·cm2 at 800 °C. After 4 cooling cycle tests, the ASR increases to 0.0032 Ω·cm2 but lower than other samples. Meanwhile, the relative intense of Cr at the interface of SUS430 with MCO coatings fabricated by LPPS is lower than that of MCO fabricated by APS after 4 rising and cooling cycle operations, showing more favorable Cr diffusion inhibition performance.

关键词： interconnector coating     plasma spray     electrochemical performance     Cr diffusion inhibition     solid oxide cells (SOCs)    

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Minimal residual disease in solid tumors: an overview

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 649-674 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1018-6

摘要： Minimal residual disease (MRD) is termed as the small numbers of remnant tumor cells in a subset of patients with tumors. Liquid biopsy is increasingly used for the detection of MRD, illustrating the potential of MRD detection to provide more accurate management for cancer patients. As new techniques and algorithms have enhanced the performance of MRD detection, the approach is becoming more widely and routinely used to predict the prognosis and monitor the relapse of cancer patients. In fact, MRD detection has been shown to achieve better performance than imaging methods. On this basis, rigorous investigation of MRD detection as an integral method for guiding clinical treatment has made important advances. This review summarizes the development of MRD biomarkers, techniques, and strategies for the detection of cancer, and emphasizes the application of MRD detection in solid tumors, particularly for the guidance of clinical treatment.

关键词： MRD     solid tumor     CTC     ctDNA    

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High-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: achievements and perspectives

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1364-4

摘要：

• High-solid anaerobic digestion (HS-AD) of sewage sludge (SS) is overviewed.

关键词： High-solid effect     Anaerobic fermentation     Methane production     Biodegradability     Sludge treatment    

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Review of SO42-/MxOy solid superacid catalysts

Yanni WU, Shijun LIAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 330-343 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0208-3

摘要： Some metal oxides modified with sulfate ions form highly acidic or superacidic catalysts. solid superacid catalysts, play a vital role in more and more fields such as organic synthesis, fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and means for strengthening environmental safeguards. This review highlights the recent development of solid superacid catalysts based on , including synthesis method, characterization of acid sites and acid strength, and applications.

关键词： solid superacid catalyst     synthesis method     characterization     applications    

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Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on solid waste generation and management strategies

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1407-5

摘要：

• Implication of COVID-19 on medical waste and MSW generation is studied.

关键词： COVID-19     Medical waste     Personal protective equipment     Municipal solid waste     Waste management    

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Municipal solid waste management in Dalian: practices and challenges

Xinbei WANG, Yong GENG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 540-548 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0361-z

摘要： The fast growing of urban areas in developing countries has brought serious problems on municipal solid waste (MSW) management. It will be rational to adopt an integrated approach to deal with such a challenge so that the overall eco-efficiency of MSW management could be improved. To better examine how attributes of integrated MSW management are being interpreted and put into practice, and to explore what changes should be made to improve the application of integrated MSW management, we employ a case study method so that lessons learned could be used to inform initiatives in other cities and the potential solution may offer feasible strategies. The case study city is Dalian, a typical seaport city with fast growing rate in economy. The outcomes of this case study show us that fragmented management structure, ineffective and inefficient enforcement of relevant regulations, backward technologies, limited financial resources and lack of public participation are main barriers for the implementation of integrated MSW management. Consequently, in order to overcome these barriers, we propose an integrated management framework on MSW management, aiming to maximize the overall eco-efficiency of MSW management.

关键词： municipal solid waste (MSW) management     3R principles     challenges     eco-efficiency     effective and efficient enforcement    

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Lagrangian simulation of deposition of CO gas-solid sudden expansion flow

HUANG Dongping, DING Guoliang, QUACK Hans

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第2期   页码 216-221 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0032-3

摘要： Freezing and blockage resulting from the deposition of solid CO formed because of sudden expansion of the downstream pipe during the release of CO through safety valves, will endanger the protected equipment. To overcome this problem, the characteristics of the CO gas-solid sudden expansion flow are studied by using the disperse Lagrangian model. A comparison of the calculated deposition of the solid CO with the experimental results shows that they are in reasonable agreement. The simulation results show that the size of the solid CO formed should not be in the range of 0.04–0.07 mm ( number 3.2–9.8). This can be achieved by using an appropriate flow cross section of the safety valve.

关键词： comparison     gas-solid     downstream     blockage     Lagrangian    

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Development and prospects of municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration in China

NIE Yongfeng

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第1期   页码 1-7 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0028-6

摘要： With the lack of space for new landfills, municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration is playing an increasingly important role in municipal solid waste management in China. The literatures on certain aspects of incineration plants in China are reviewed in this paper, including the development and status of the application of MSW incineration technologies, the treatment of leachate from stored MSW, air pollution control technologies, and the status of the fly-ash control method. Energy policy and its promotion of MSW-to-energy conversion are also elucidated.

关键词： development     management     municipal     MSW     incineration    

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Surface molecularly imprinted polymers for solid-phase extraction of (--)-epigallocatechin gallate from

Yunling Gao,Ying Hu,Kejian Yao

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 467-478 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1526-2

摘要： Surface molecularly imprinted polymers (SMIPs) have been synthesized to selectively determine (−)-epigallocatechin gallate in aqueous media. SMIPs were prepared using a surface grafting copolymerization method on a functionalized silica gel modified with -cyclodextrin and vinyl groups. The morphology and composition of the SMIPs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. In addition, the molecular binding capacity, recognition properties and selectivity of the SMIPs were evaluated. The imprinted polymers were found to have a highly specific recognition and binding capacity for (−)-epigallocatechin gallate in aqueous media which is the result of the hydrophobic properties of the -cyclodextrin and the hydrogen-bonding interactions of methacrylic acid. The SMIPs were successfully employed as solid-phase extraction adsorbents prior to the HPLC determination of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate in toothpaste. The HPLC analysis had a linear dynamic range of 0.5–50.0 µg?mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998 and the recoveries ranged from 89.4% to 97.0% with relative standard deviations less than 4.8%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.17 and 0.33 µg?mL , respectively. The method provides a promising approach for the preparation of selective materials for the purification and determination of complex samples.

关键词： β-cyclodextrin     (−)-epigallocatechin gallate     surface molecular imprinting     solid-phase extraction    

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Covalent triazine framework with efficient photocatalytic activity in aqueous and solid media

Cyrine Ayed, Wei Huang, Kai A. I. Zhang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 397-404 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1884-2

摘要： Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) have been recently employed for visible light-driven photocatalysis due to their unique optical and electronic properties. However, the usually highly hydrophobic nature of CTFs, which originates from their overall aromatic backbone, leads to limitations of CTFs for applications in aqueous media. In this study, we aim to extend the range of the application media of CTFs and design hybrid material of a CTF and mesoporous silica (SBA-15) for efficient photocatalysis in aqueous medium. A thiophene-containing CTF was directly synthesized in mesopores of SBA-15. Due to the high surface area and the added hydrophilic properties by silica, the hybrid material demonstrated excellent adsorption of organic molecules in water. This leads not only to high photocatalytic performance of the hybrid material for the degradation of organic dyes in water, but also for efficient photocatalysis in solvent-free and solid state. Furthermore, the reusability, stability and easy recovery of the hybrid material offers promising metal-free heterogeneous photocatalyst for broader applications in different reaction media.

关键词： photocatalysis     covalent triazine framework     aqueous medium     SBA-15     solid state    

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Significant potential of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell systems for distributed power generation and carbon neutrality

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 879-882 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0850-8

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Thermochemical pretreatment of meat and bone meal and its effect on methane production

Guangxue WU , Zhenhu HU , Mark G. HEALY , Xinmin ZHAN ,

期刊论文

Preparation of ceria-zirconia solid solution with enhanced oxygen storage capacity and redox performance

Lijing MENG, Licheng LIU, Xuehong ZI, Hongxing DAI, Hong HE, Zhen ZHAO, Xinping WANG,

期刊论文

Precise regulation of acid pretreatment for red mud SCR catalyst: Targeting on optimizing the acidity and reducibility

期刊论文

Topology optimization of transient problem with maximum dynamic response constraint using SOAR scheme

期刊论文

Plasma spray coating on interconnector toward promoted solid oxide fuel cells and solid oxide electrolysis

期刊论文

Minimal residual disease in solid tumors: an overview

期刊论文

High-solid anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge: achievements and perspectives

期刊论文

Review of SO42-/MxOy solid superacid catalysts

Yanni WU, Shijun LIAO

期刊论文

Repercussions of COVID-19 pandemic on solid waste generation and management strategies

期刊论文

Municipal solid waste management in Dalian: practices and challenges

Xinbei WANG, Yong GENG

期刊论文

Lagrangian simulation of deposition of CO gas-solid sudden expansion flow

HUANG Dongping, DING Guoliang, QUACK Hans

期刊论文

Development and prospects of municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration in China

NIE Yongfeng

期刊论文

Surface molecularly imprinted polymers for solid-phase extraction of (--)-epigallocatechin gallate from

Yunling Gao,Ying Hu,Kejian Yao

期刊论文

Covalent triazine framework with efficient photocatalytic activity in aqueous and solid media

Cyrine Ayed, Wei Huang, Kai A. I. Zhang

期刊论文

Significant potential of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell systems for distributed power generation and carbon neutrality

期刊论文